This chapter presents directives and clauses for controlling data environments. These clauses and directives include the data-environment attribute clauses, which explicitly determine the attributes of list items specified in a list parameter. The data-environment attribute clauses form a general clause set for which certain restrictions apply to their use on directives that accept any members of the set. In addition, these clauses are divided into two subsets that also form general clause sets: data-sharing attribute clauses and data-mapping attribute clauses. Data-sharing attribute clauses control the data-sharing attributes of variables in a construct, indicating whether a variable is shared or private in the outermost scope of the construct. Data-mapping attribute clauses control the data-mapping attributes of variables in a data environment, indicating whether a variable is mapped from the data environment to another device data environment. Additional restrictions apply to the use of these sets on directives that accept any members of them.